Can high cholesterol lead to heart attacks?

High cholesterol, a major health concern, raises the risk of heart disease and stroke if left unmanaged.

In Short

• High cholesterol leads to a condition called dyslipidemia
• High cholesterol can be managed with lifestyle changes and medication
• Though cholesterol is a significant risk factor for heart disease, it is not the only one

High cholesterol is a prominent health concern that affects millions worldwide. Known as a leading contributor to heart disease, high cholesterol can increase the likelihood of a heart attack if left unmanaged.

Cholesterol is a waxy, fat-like substance found in the blood. While it is essential for building healthy cells, having too much of it can lead to plaque build-up in the arteries. This build-up, called atherosclerosis, can restrict blood flow, leading to serious cardiovascular issues such as heart attacks or strokes.

Cholesterol has three main components: LDL (low-density lipoprotein), HDL (high-density lipoprotein), and triglycerides. LDL is "bad" cholesterol, leading to artery plaque build-up, while HDL is "good" cholesterol that helps remove LDL.

Triglycerides are fats in the blood; high levels increase heart disease risk. High LDL and triglyceride levels indicate high cholesterol concerns.

"High cholesterol is a major risk factor for heart disease. It's like clogging a pipe with gunk. The more plaque build-up in your arteries, the greater your risk of a heart attack or stroke. It's crucial to manage high cholesterol levels through a combination of lifestyle changes and, in some cases, medication. This can help reduce the risk of heart disease and improve overall health," explained Dr Ankit Gupta, a consultant cardiologist at Shalby Hospital in Jaipur.

One of the challenges of high cholesterol is that it often presents no symptoms, earning its reputation as a "silent killer."

Many individuals may be unaware of their elevated cholesterol levels until they experience severe complications.

High cholesterol leads to a condition called dyslipidemia, where there are abnormal levels of lipids (fats) in the blood. This imbalance can increase the risk of heart disease, stroke, and other health problems. It is often managed with diet, exercise, and medication.

Dr Shirish Agarwal, a consultant cardiologist at Shalby Hospital in Indore, emphasised the importance of regular check-ups.

"It's often referred to as a 'silent killer' because many people are unaware of their elevated levels until they experience symptoms or complications, such as a heart attack or stroke. Regular health check-ups are essential for early detection and management of high cholesterol," Dr Agarwal said.

Though cholesterol is a significant risk factor for heart disease, it is not the only one.

Dr Agarwal added, "Other factors, including high blood pressure, diabetes, and smoking, can also significantly increase the risk of cardiovascular problems. Therefore, a comprehensive approach to heart health involves addressing multiple risk factors and adopting healthy lifestyle habits."

Managing cholesterol levels through a heart-healthy diet, regular exercise, and, if necessary, medications can reduce the risk of heart disease and enhance overall well-being.

Regular monitoring and early intervention are crucial to preventing the dangerous consequences of high cholesterol.